Radiation Oncology is the use of radiation therapy to treat cancer and other conditions. This therapy uses high-energy radiation to destroy cancer cells and shrink tumours. Radiation oncology can also be used to treat non-cancerous conditions, such as keloids, thyroid disorders, and some eye conditions.
Radiation therapy may be used as the primary treatment for cancer, or it may be used in combination with other treatments, such as surgery and chemotherapy. It may also be used as a palliative treatment to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life for patients with advanced cancer.
The side effects of this therapy depend on the type and location of the treatment. Common side effects include fatigue, skin irritation, and hair loss. These side effects are usually temporary and can be managed with medication or other supportive therapies.
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Radiation therapy works by using high-energy radiation, such as X-rays or proton beams, to destroy cancer cells or inhibit their growth. The radiation damages the DNA inside the cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and multiplying. Radiation therapy can be delivered externally (external beam radiation) or internally (brachytherapy), depending on the specific cancer type and location.
During your radiation oncology appointment, the radiation oncologist will review your medical history, imaging results, and pathology reports. They will perform a physical examination and discuss your treatment options, including the potential benefits and side effects of radiation therapy. They will also answer any questions or concerns you may have.
Radiation therapy may cause side effects, but they can vary depending on the treatment area, dosage, and individual factors. Common side effects include fatigue, skin changes, hair loss in the treatment area, and temporary or long-term changes in bowel or bladder function. The radiation oncologist will explain the potential side effects and provide strategies to manage them effectively.
The duration of radiation therapy varies depending on the type, stage, and location of cancer, as well as the treatment goals. A typical course of radiation therapy can last anywhere from a few weeks to several months, with daily treatment sessions scheduled on weekdays. The radiation oncologist will provide a specific treatment plan and timeline for your case.
Most radiation therapy treatments are delivered on an outpatient basis, meaning you do not need to stay in the hospital overnight. You will visit the radiation oncology department for your scheduled treatment sessions and return home afterward. In certain cases, such as when internal radiation therapy is performed, a short hospital stay may be required.
In many cases, patients undergoing radiation therapy can continue their normal daily activities, including work, depending on their energy levels and the side effects experienced. However, some individuals may require temporary modifications to their routine, such as scheduling treatment sessions around work hours or taking breaks as needed. The radiation oncologist can provide guidance tailored to your situation.
Your radiation oncologist may request additional imaging or tests, such as CT scans, MRIs,to aid in treatment planning, monitor treatment response, or assess tumor regression. These tests help ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the radiation therapy. Your radiation oncology team will schedule any necessary imaging or tests during your treatment course.
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